Mauna Loa, Hawaii’s largest active volcano, is illuminated in the background. The image below shows an aerial view of the new eruption within Halema‘uma‘u crater on the morning of January 6, 2023. Nearly the entire coastline has, at some point, been affected by lava flow that stopped only when it reached the Pacific Ocean. A recent eruption generated a lake of lava that lasted from September 29, 2021, to December 9, 2022. Map showing Kilaueas lava flow activity alongside the eastern coast of Hawaiis Big Island since the 1700s. At the time of acquisition, eruption activity on Kilauea’s caldera was concentrated in a large lava lake in the eastern half of Halema‘uma‘u crater, as well as a smaller area of lava in the western half of the crater. The image is a composite of natural-color (bands 8, 4, 3, and 2) overlaid with false-color (bands 6, 5, and 3) to highlight the infrared (red) signature of the lava. All of this tells us that Kilauea volcano regularly receives. The Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8 acquired this image on January 11, 2023. In the first 20 years of this eruption, 2.1km³ of lava flows were produced, equivalent in volume to 840,000 Olympic swimming pools. By evening, lava had spilled across the crater at depths of about 10 meters (32 feet). One large burst of lava reached 50 meters (164 feet) high and covered the crater floor with lava. Multiple fountains of lava became active in Halema‘uma‘u crater on the afternoon of January 5. They detected fissures at the base of Halema‘uma‘u crater, within the summit caldera, which generated lava flows. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory saw a glow in summit webcam images indicating that the eruption had resumed. local time on January 5, 2023, Kilauea-Hawaii’s youngest and most active volcano-began erupting once again.
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